The Italian banking sector has become, and will become in the near future, much less homogeneous than in the past. Banking will increasingly be a mass activity and products and services will have the nature of commodities, in a context in which volumes will represent the winning variable. To make the sector more profitable and more solid, there is a pressing need to strengthen firms capital, diversify their financing sources and reduce dependence on bank credit. But banks must radically and rapidly evolve their business models.